Meaning-based search finds the study even when the words differ ("kinship care" ↔ "relative caregivers"). We benchmarked the tools that do it. Higher = better search quality (nDCG@10).
EmbeddingGemma + reranker free · 0.3B + 1.5B · runs on a laptop
Qwen3-Embedding-8B free · 8B · <1 s per search
EmbeddingGemma + light reranker free · fast option · ~2 s per search
OpenAI text-embedding-3-large paid API · flagship
EmbeddingGemma alone free · 0.3B · <1 s per search
OpenAI text-embedding-3-small paid API · the common default
Keyword search what most databases still use
Free & open — nothing leaves your computer
Paid commercial API
Keyword baseline